Intel桌面CPU家族普及

8086: first x86 processor; initially a temporary substitute for the iAPX 432 to compete with Motorola, Zilog, and National Semiconductor and to top the successful Z80.

186: included a DMA controller, interrupt controller, timers, and chip select logic.

286: first x86 processor with protected mode

i386: first 32-bit x86 processor

i486: Intel’s second generation of 32-bit x86 processors, introduced built-in floating point unit (FPU), 8 KB on-chip L1 cache, and pipelining.

P5: original Pentium microprocessors

P6: used in Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium II Xeon, Pentium III, and Pentium III Xeon microprocessors.

Pentium M: updated version of Pentium III’s P6 microarchitecture designed from the ground up for mobile computing.

Enhanced Pentium M: updated, dual core version of the Pentium M microarchitecture used in Core microprocessors.

NetBurst: used in Pentium 4, Pentium D, and some Xeon microprocessors. Commonly referred to as P7 although its internal name was P68 (P7 was used for Itanium). Later revisions were the first to feature Intel’s x86-64 architecture.

Core: reengineered P6-based microarchitecture used in Core 2 and Xeon microprocessors, built on a 65 nm process.

Penryn: 45 nm shrink of the Core microarchitecture with larger cache, higher FSB and clock speeds, and SSE4.1 instructions.

Nehalem: released November 17, 2008, built on a 45 nm process and used in the Core i7, Core i5, Core i3 microprocessors. Incorporates the memory controller into the CPU die.

Westmere: 32 nm shrink of the Nehalem microarchitecture with several new features.

Sandy Bridge: released January 9, 2011, built on a 32 nm process and used in the Core i7, Core i5, Core i3 second generation microprocessors, and in Pentium B9XX and Celeron B8XX series. Formerly called Gesher but renamed in 2007.[1]

Ivy Bridge: 22 nm shrink of the Sandy Bridge microarchitecture released April 28, 2012.

Haswell: new 22 nm microarchitecture, released June 3, 2013.

Broadwell: 14 nm shrink of the Haswell microarchitecture, released in 2014. Formerly called Rockwell.

Skylake: future Intel microarchitecture, based on a 14 nm process.

Cannonlake: 10 nm shrink of the Skylake microarchitecture. Formerly called Skymont.

Larrabee: multi-core in-order x86-64 updated version of P5 microarchitecture, with wide SIMD vector units and texture sampling hardware for use in graphics. Cores derived from this microarchitecture are called MIC (Many Integrated Core).

Bonnell: 45 nm, low-power, in-order microarchitecture for use in Atom processors.

Saltwell: 32 nm shrink of the Bonnell microarchitecture.

Silvermont: 22 nm, out-of-order microarchitecture for use in Atom processors.

Airmont: 14 nm shrink of the Silvermont microarchitecture.

Goldmont: 14 nm Atom microarchitecture.